Advanced routing refers to techniques used to optimize data transmission and routing operations, usually in large and complex networks. This type of routing aims to create more efficient, secure and scalable networks
Advanced Use of Routing Protocols
Advanced routing is often achieved by properly configuring and optimizing advanced routing protocols. Commonly used protocols are the following:
- OSPF (Open Shortest Path First): It is a link-state based protocol and provides more dynamic routing, especially in large networks. Advanced OSPF requires careful management of area design and LSR (Link State Routing) algorithms.
- BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): It is a widely used protocol for routing in the Internet and is mainly used for routing between autonomous systems (AS). At the advanced level, BGP’s features such as Prefix Filtering, AS Path Manipulation, Route Reflectors should be optimized.
- EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol): It is a Cisco-specific protocol that provides faster converging thanks to its hybrid structure and works more efficiently in large networks. In addition to this, we may encounter routing time optimization problems, so let’s take a look at ways to overcome these problems.
Optimizing The Routing Table
Advanced routing is also about optimizing routing tables correctly. Network administrators may need to optimize the following elements:
- Prefix Aggregation: Aggregating IP addresses from the same region under a single prefix reduces routing tables and makes the network run more efficiently.
- Route Summarization: Simplifies the information in the routing table by combining subnets into larger networks or IP blocks.
- Prefix Filtering: Block redundant routing information by only allowing routing to a specific IP range or prefixes.
It’s not always the case that your system is stable and working properly. Some problems can arise, such as load balancing, which is the most common.
Load Balancing
Load balancing is an important part of advanced routing. If there is more than one routing path, it allows the network to work more efficiently by distributing traffic evenly between these paths. Methods used for this:
- ECMP (Equal Cost Multi-Path): When there are multiple equivalent cost routes in the routing tables, it allows traffic to be shared between these routes. Protocols such as OSPF and EIGRP offer ECMP support.
- Path Selection: Protocols such as BGP can route traffic over specific routes using more complex load balancing techniques.
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